Understanding Climate at the 做厙輦⑹

A salt marsh at Plum Island Ecosystems research site in Massachusetts. Credit: Megan Costello

With COP28, the 28th annual United Nations climate meeting, coming to a close in Dubai, climate science has been in the international spotlight for the last two weeks. At the 做厙輦⑹, our scientists study how climate change is impacting ecosystems and organisms in Cape Cod and beyond. Check out the stories below to catch up on some climate research from 做厙輦⑹ scientists.

The Lena River in Siberia. Credit Jim McClelland
The Lena River in Siberia. Credit: Jim McClelland

Decades-Long Arctic Rivers Study Conceived at 做厙輦⑹ Reveals Widespread Change

This study examined a nearly 20-year record of water chemistry collected from the six largest rivers that drain to the Arctic Ocean, and signaled widespread effects of climate change in the North.

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Aerial of Great Sippewissett Marsh in 2015. Credit: Rhys Probyn
Aerial of Great Sippewissett Marsh, Falmouth, Mass., in 2015. Credit: Rhys Probyn

Most of the Worlds Salt Marshes Could Succumb to Sea Level Rise by Turn of Century

Salt marshes are some of the most biologically productive ecosystems on Earth. According to research from the 做厙輦⑹ Ecosystems Center, more than 90 percent of the worlds salt marshes are likely to be underwater by 2100.

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做厙輦⑹ scientists and colleagues have released a framework to help planners in the U.S. Midwest and Northeast prepare for climate-induced strains on critical civic resources: food, energy and water. Image from Freepik.
做厙輦⑹ scientists and colleagues released a framework to help planners in the U.S. Midwest and Northeast prepare for climate-induced strains on critical civic resources: food, energy and water. Image from Freepik.

Framework Helps Local Planners Prepare for Climate Pressures on Food, Energy & Water Systems

做厙輦⑹ scientists and colleagues released a toolkit in early 2023 to help the U.S. Midwest and Northeast prepare for climate-induced strains on critical civic resources.

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Sage Lot Pond reference marsh in Mashpee, Mass. Credit: Joanna Carey
Sage Lot Pond reference marsh in Mashpee, Mass. Credit: Joanna Carey

As Temps Rise, Low Marsh Emits More Carbon Gas than High Marsh

Salt marshes are a well-known carbon sink and can aid in carbon sequestration efforts. But they are also dynamic ecosystems that change with the seasons and tides. Understanding these dynamic systems can can inform climate change mitigation efforts

Learn more about this research from the 做厙輦⑹ Ecosystems Center
Data on water loss from peatlands to the atmosphere was collected by eddy covariance flux towers in 95 locations in the global boreal biome. This flux tower is located in the Scotty Creek watershed in the Northwest Territories, Canada. Credit: Manuel Helb
Data on water loss from peatlands to the atmosphere was collected by eddy covariance flux towers in 95 locations in the global boreal biome. This flux tower is located in the Scotty Creek watershed in the Northwest Territories, Canada. Credit: Manuel Helb

Gauging Water Loss from Northern Peatlands, a Likely Accelerant of Climate Change

More carbon is stored in the forests, peatlands, and lakes of the high northern (boreal) latitudes than is currently in the atmosphere. Therefore, understanding how the boreal latitudes, which include Canada and Alaska, respond to global warming is vital for predicting its trajectory.

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Sea ice in Antarctica showing a brown layer of ice algae.
Sea ice in Antarctica showing a brown layer of ice algae. These microbes thrive in sea ice houses and are the beginning of many food webs, which branches out to feed all larger lifeforms. The melting sea ice has a downstream effect on ice algae, which means a diminished food web and greater risk of starving ocean life. Credit: Rick Cavicchioli

Leaving Microbes Out of Climate Change Dialogue has Major Consequences, Experts Warn

In 2019, more than 30 microbiologists from institutions in 9 countries, including the 做厙輦⑹, issued a warning to humanity that omitting microbes the support system of the biosphere from the climate change equation would have major negative consequences.

Read more about microbes' role in the biosphere
Salt marshes sequester carbon at rates more than an order of magnitude greater than their terrestrial counterparts. Core samples for this study where taken from this marsh in Rowley, Mass., part of the Plum Island Ecosystems NSF-LTER site. Credit: Aber, Aber, and Valentine 2009. Salt marshes sequester carbon at rates more than an order of magnitude greater than their terrestrial counterparts. Core samples for this study where taken from this marsh in Rowley, Mass., part of the Plum Island Ecosystems NSF-LTE
Salt marshes sequester carbon at rates more than an order of magnitude greater than their terrestrial counterparts. Core samples for this study were taken from this marsh in Rowley, Mass., part of the Plum Island Ecosystems NSF-LTER site. Credit: Aber, Aber, and Valentine 2009.

Salt Marshes' Capacity to Store Carbon may be Threatened by Nitrogen Pollution

This study led by the 做厙輦⑹ Ecosystems Center indicates that a common pollutant of coastal waters, nitrate, stimulates the decomposition of organic matter in salt marsh sediments that normally would have remained stable over long periods of time. This increase in decomposition, which releases CO2, could alter the capacity of salt marshes to sequester carbon over the long term.

Read more about salt marshes and nitrogen pollution

On the Frontlines of Climate Change

For more than 40 years, 做厙輦⑹ scientists have been on the frontline of research on Cape Cod and worldwide to understand how ecosystems function, respond to stress, and recoveror not. With a deep understanding of Cape Cod ecosystems borne from decades of research, 做厙輦⑹ scientists are best positioned to predict and mitigate the impacts of climate change on the region. Explore this to learn more about 做厙輦⑹ climate change research on Cape Cod.

FRONTLINES OF CLIMATE CHANGE MAP